John
Chapter
10
{Note:
This Chapter has two messages that Jesus gives. The first message is
given at the Sheep's Gate and the background is important to
understand. First, in the morning, the shepherd would come to the
sheepfold where his sheep and the sheep of the other shepherds were
kept for the night. He would be recognized by the guard and would
walk through giving out his unique chant. His sheep in the sheepfold
would separate themselves and follow their shepherd out. He would
continue his chant and they would follow him out the Gate in the Wall
of Jerusalem referred to as the Sheep's Gate - no doubt because of
its use and maybe even its smell! The sheep would graze all day in a
field and in the evening, the shepherd would give out his chant and
they would follow him back in through the gate and through the door
to the sheep's fold. One last important point was that hiding in the
darkness were always thieves trying to lure one of the sheep away
from his shepherd.
In the parable that follows, the door going into the sheep's fold is the 1st incarnation of Christ. He is the shepherd and has the right to enter the sheep's fold (Jerusalem) to gather together His sheep. As Jesus leaves the sheep's fold, the door now represents the cross. Going through that door and out into the fields to graze is a picture of believers grazing in the Church Age under the direction of the Great Shepherd.}
{Verses
1-21: Jesus by the Sheepfold and the Sheep Gate}
1~~"Point
of doctrine'/'Wake up what follows
is a point of doctrine'/'truly truly',
I
say unto you to your advantage,
"The
one who does not enter the sheepfold {Israel while Jesus is on Earth}
through
the door,
but
climbs up again and again in some other way,
the
same one is a 'crafty thief '
{kleptes - robs by strategy not violence - Pharisees' Motus Operendi -
false doctrine}
and
a 'violent robber'
{lestes - robs by violence - religious zealots trying to murder Jesus
and later Paul}."
{Note: Only shepherds could enter through the door. The thieves here in the parable represent the Pharisees and other religious legalists of the previous Chapter. They are trying to steal away Jesus' sheep from His Truth to their 'salvation by ritualism/works'. The sheepfold is Israel in the parable. The door is the only legitimate entrance into Israel and that is the bone fide coming of the Messiah.}
2~~"The
One Who enters through the door {virgin birth}
is
the Shepherd of the sheep."
{Note: Jesus Christ as Messiah is the Shepherd of all believers. The True Shepherd only gathers His own sheep!}
3~~"To
Him {Jesus Christ the True Shepherd},
the
door-guard {God the Holy Spirit}
opens
the door for Him,
and
the sheep hear and obey {akouo} His {Jesus Christ} voice
{all the sheep are in here, but only His sheep answer His call}.
He
calls His own sheep {those on positive volition}
according
to the norm or standard {kata}
of
'The Name' {Christian - His Name - Jesus Christ}
and
leads them out
{from the sheepfold to the pasture - Phase II - bible doctrine}.
{Note: Akouo means more than just to hear. It means to hear and obey. Here it means those who are positive at the point of God consciousness. The voice is the gospel message.}
{Note: Kata means 'according to a norm or standard'. Neither is their salvation in any other name, there is no other Name under heaven give by men by which you may be saved.}
{Day
in the Pasture}
4~~"When
He has 'cast them {His sheep} out'/'put them forth' {ekballo}
His
'own private' sheep,
He
{the shepherd leads as does Jesus} goes ahead of them,
and
the sheep follow {akoloutheo} him
because
they know/'have inherent knowledge' {oida}
His
voice {from doctrine}.
{Note: This is God's sense of humor! When religion 'cast out' the beggar in Chapter 9:34, the religious leaders ekballo'ed him. Now Jesus is using the same verb to describe how He is now 'casting out' that believer and all believers all right! Right into the fields where He can feed them! Beautiful! Being 'cast out' by Jesus is to live under the grace of God! Love, grace, doctrine . . . His plan!}
{Note: Akoloutheo means to follow from your own free will - because you want to!}
{Note: Oida means to have inherent knowledge. When you are saved and study the Mind of Christ, you begin to know Him and love Him. This love only comes from the study of His Word.}
{Condemnation
of the Religious Leaders}
5~~"And
'one who you know who belongs to another' {allotrios}
they
will absolutely not {ouk} follow,
but
will flee from the ultimate source of him
{from his false doctrine - because you have true doctrine -
feed in the pasture},
because
they do not have inherent knowledge {oida}
of
the "one who you know who belongs to another's"
{allotrios} voice."
{Note: Allotrios is someone you could never love - it means 'one who you know but belongs to another. Here the other is Satan, so it means legalism and religion. Once you know grace and know doctrine, you will stay away from religion like a plague.}
6~~This
parable/allegory {paroimia} Jesus spoke {lego}
unto
them to their advantage,
but
they {religious leaders}
did
not understand from their study {ginosko}
what
He was communicating {laleo} to them.
{Note: Paroimia is translated parable. Para means from immediate source or 'to the side of'. Oimia means road. So this means to put two roads side by side. So, you use one example what others would recognize to explain something else. Really is an allegory.}
{Note: ginosko means to understand from study. The unsaved religious crowd could understand what He was saying about the sheep, but they could not understand the allegory to spiritual matters.}
{Verses
7-8: Ingress Door to Israel}
7~~Then
Jesus kept on saying to them again and again,
"Point
of doctrine,
I
keep on being the door {the Messiah}
for
the sheepfold {Israel at the time of Jesus}."
8~~All
{religious crowd, Pharisees, false prophets} who came before Me
were
'crafty thieves'
{kleptes - robs by strategy not violence - Pharisees' Motus Operendi -
false doctrine}
and
a 'violent robbers'
{lestes - robs by violence - religious zealots trying to murder Jesus},
but
the sheep did not listen and obey them.
{Verses
9-10: The Egress Door - The Cross - Accept Christ as Your Savior}
9~~"I
keep on being the door {the ONLY door for salvation - the cross}.
Through
Me {Jesus Christ},
if
anyone enters in {to the plan of God/pasture}
-
at a point in time divorced from time and perpetuated forever -
{believes in Jesus Christ - Accepting His Work on the Cross - thereby
leaving the sheepfold and entering into the plan of God},
-
maybe he will, maybe he will not -
he
will receive salvation {don't earn or deserve it, but receive it},
and
will come in {to the plan of God}
and
go out {out of Jerusalem to the pasture},
and
find/discover pasture {feed on His Word/doctrine}
{graze by grace on the Mind of Christ forever}."
10~~"The
crafty thief {steals by strategy - false doctrine}
comes
not {to enter legitimately into the plan of God};
but,
in contrast, comes only to craftily steal
and
'violently kill/'offer a sacrifice' {thuo}
and
destroy {apollumi - perish/destroy human freedoms here}.
I
have come {erchomai - coming in - virgin birth - ingress door}
for
the purpose that they may have {eternal} life,
and
may keep on having it {life} more abundantly
{capacity to enjoy life - doctrine in the soul}.
{Note: Thuo is the Greek word used to kill in connection with a religious ceremony. It usually refers to slicing the throat of an animal for a religious sacrifice. It was also the means by which Cain murdered Abel. SideNote: When religion kills they always come up with a good reason. This is why religion and state should NEVER be mixed! Jesus will soon become the ultimate sacrificial lamb to be thuo'ed - because the state will succumb to the evil desires of the religious leaders in Jerusalem.}
{Prophetical
and Historical Parable - Fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD}
11-13~~"I
. . . even I {Jesus} . . . keep on being
the
good/'inner beauty of the soul'/virtuous {kalos} shepherd.
The
good shepherd lays down 'His soul' {psuche}
{reference to the work of Jesus on the cross - His spiritual death -
Jesus laid down His soul on behalf of the souls of all humanity}
|on
behalf of {huper} the sheep.12~~
And,
the hired hand {misthotos}
-
and not the shepherd
{hired hand was not hired by the good shepherd or have his
approbation}
and
who {the hired hand} does not own sheep -
{the
hired hand} perceives {theoreo - mentally sees a political trend}
the
wolf {Rome} coming
and
abandons/deserts the sheep
{prophecy of the Jews of Jerusalem in 70 AD}
and
keeps on fleeing/running away.
So
the wolf 'seizes by violence' the sheep and scatters them
{taken out of national definition and made slaves}. 13~~
The
hired hand {religious leader - a Pharisee}
because
he is a hireling {no longer can 'use' the people so runs away}
and
is not concerned about the sheep,
he
runs away."
{Note: Kalos is the Greek Word for good in the sense of 'maximum attractiveness'. It emphasizes the beauty and symmetry of the body and the inner beauty and virtue of the soul. It is used to describe the perfect physic and inner soul beauty of the humanity of Jesus Christ. Agathos is the word used for 'good of intrinsic value' and, when used in connection with Christ, represents His deity.}
{Note: Shepherd is a word used to connote what the shepherd does for his flock:
1) provision - salvation by His work on the cross,
2) preservation - once saved you have the salvation package . . .
34-40 things forever - Phase III,
3) protection - provision for time- Phase II.}
{Note: Psuche from which we get 'psyche', is the Greek word for the soul.}
{Note: Huper is the preposition of substitution - 'on behalf of' is the correct translation.}
{Note: Misthotos was the Greek word for someone who took care of the flock and came around at the end of the month for pay. He was NOT hired by the shepherd and therefore has no recommendation by the shepherd. So misthotos means the religious leaders here.}
{Note: In the parable, the wolf represents Rome. Twin brothers who were raised by wolves supposedly founded Rome. The hired hands are the Religious leaders who are supposed to care for the sheep/Jews of Jerusalem. When the Romans attack in 70 AD, the Sanhedrin Counsel almost to a man ran away - 1,900,000 plus Jews were slaughtered and 100,000 survivors went into slavery and were scattered throughout the world.}
{Verses
14-18: Second Shepherd Message; Verse 14 - the Doctrine of the Flock
of the Shepherd both in Jesus' Day and the Church Age will Follow}
14~~
"I keep on being the good {kalos} shepherd.
I
keep on knowing/'truly loving' {ginosko} Mine
{literally 'the mine' - refers to us, His sheep}
and
they know/'truly love' {ginosko} Me . . .
{Note: Ginosko means to 'know from experience'. But ginosko also has other more advanced meanings. When the object of the knowing is a person, it means to experience them and know them and still care for them dearly - true love. You really cannot 'love' a person (except for agape love) without knowing them. Ginosko love is even more personal and intimate then 'phileo love'.}
{Note: In the sheepfold, the sheep know their own shepherd and follow him. The good shepherd truly loves and would give his life for his sheep (coming up). The sheep in turn love from the experience of knowing their shepherd - and follow him. Now not all of his sheep really do follow the shepherd. They get turned aside by the thieves and robbers and become dinner. So 'they know' is not 'so they all know' Me. Not all of Jesus' sheep love Him because they have not studied to know Him to then truly love Him.}
{Illustration
of Doctrine in Verse 14}
15~~
. . . even as the Father keeps on knowing Me
even
as I keep on knowing the Father.
And
I 'put on the line' My soul {psuche} for the sheep.
{Note: Psuche is the Greek word for soul not for life. It is NOT His physical life that He gave on the cross as a substitute for us. It was His soul - His spiritual relationship with God. 'The wages of sin is death' means 'spiritual death' - Adam did not drop dead when he sinned. He lived to be over 900 years old! Adam died spiritually when he sinned. Jesus died spiritually when our sins were imputed to Him. THEN Jesus said 'Finished'. The salvation work on the cross was finished while He was alive! Then He dismissed His spirit and died physically.}
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