Jump to:
Luke
Chapter 20
20:1-2``And
it came to pass {new subject} on one of the days
while
He {Jesus} was teaching the people in the temple courts
and
"proclaiming the gospel/'good news' " {euaggelizo},
the
chief priests and the scribes/'experts in the law'
with
the elders came upon Him suddenly 20:2`` and spoke to Him saying,
"Tell us by whose authority {exousia}
You
do these things? Or who it is who gave You this authority?"
20:3-4``He
'had an answer for'/'gave a discerning answer
from
the ultimate source of Himself' {apokrinomai} and said
face
to face with them, "I too will interrogate you
concerning
one matter and you tell Me: 20:4``
Did
the baptism of John keep on being from heaven or from men?"
20:5``So
they 'discussed it among themselves' {sullogizomai}, saying, "If
{ean} we say
-maybe
we will say, maybe we will not say this -
'From
heaven,' He will say,
'Why
did you absolutely not {ouk} believe him?'
20:6``But
if {ean} we say,
-maybe
we will say, maybe we will not say this -
'From
men,' all the people
will
'overwhelm us with stones' {killing them},
because
they are convinced that John was a prophet."
20:7``So
they 'answered'/'gave a discerning answer
from
the ultimate source of themselves' {apokrinomai}
that
they did not know where it came from.
20:8``And
Jesus said to them,
"Neither
will I tell you by whose authority I do these things."
20:9``Then
He {Jesus} began to speak face to face
with
the people this parable:
"A
certain man planted a vineyard,
leased
it to {tenant} farmers {georgos},
and
went away to another country for a long time.
20:10``When
the season {harvest time} came,
he
'sent on a mission under his authority' {apostello}
a
slave to the {tenant} farmers
for
the purpose that they would give him
some
of the produce from the vineyard.
But,
the {tenant} farmers beat him up
and
'sent him away' {exapostello} empty-handed.
{Note: This parable refers to the prophets to Israel God sent in the past and were killed by their own people.}
20:11``And
in addition to this, he sent {pempo} {another} slave.
And,
they beat that one too,
and
treated him shamefully {atimazo},
and
sent {exapostello} him away empty-handed.
20:12``And
again he sent {pempo} still a third . . .
but
wounding {traumatize} this one too, they threw him out.
20:13``Then
said the lord/owner {kurios} of the vineyard,
'What
should I possibly do?
I
will send {pempo} my own dear/beloved {agapetos} son {huios}. .
perhaps they will be showing respect seeing him.'
20:14``But
the {tenant} farmers seeing him
{the son - of course referring now to Jesus Christ},
they
kept on reasoning face to face with one another,
'This
is the heir {kleronomos};
let's
kill him however we can {apokteino},
so
the inheritance may become ours.'
20:15``And,
throwing him out of the vineyard, they killed him.
What
then will the lord/owner of the vineyard do to them?
20:16``He
will come and destroy those {tenant} farmers
and
give the vineyard to 'others of the same kind' {allos}!"
Now
having heard this, they said, "May this never happen!"
{Note: Israel was soon to lose its status as the client nation to God. The privilege and responsibility of being a client nation to God would become that of Gentile Nations. Israel will not be a client nation again until the Millennium.}
20:17``But
glancing at them {emblepo}
He
{Jesus} said, "Then what is the meaning of that which is
written
in the past with results that last forever:
"The
stone that the builders rejected,
the
same has become the cornerstone/'head of the corner' ? "
20:18``All
falling on that stone will be broken {sunthlao}.
but
on whom it falls . . . it will crush him to pieces."
20:19``And
the scribes/'experts in the law' and the chief priests
sought/tried
to arrest Him at that very hour,
because
they realized/'knew from study or experience'
He
had told this parable against them . . .
and
they were afraid of the people.
{Paying
Taxes to Caesar}
20:20``And,
carefully observing Him {Jesus},
they
{the scribes and chief priests}
'sent
on a mission under their authority' spies
'playing
the part'/pretending {hupokrinomai}
themselves
to be 'just men' . . .
for
the purpose that they might
'take
hold of'/'take possession of' {epilambanomai}
His
Words/Doctrines {logos}
so
they could betray/'deliver' {paradidomi}
Him
{Jesus}to the 'first place'/rule {arche}
and
authority {exousia} of the 'governor of the province' {hegemon}.
{Sucking
Up in an Attempt to Get Jesus Off Guard}
20:21``And
they interrogated {eperotao} Him saying,
"Teacher
{didaskalos},
we
'perceived in the past with results that last forever'
{oida - perfect tense - but in their case this is a lie}
that
You speak and teach correctly {orthos},
and
absolutely do not {ouk}
'show
partiality based on the outward look of a person'
{idiom: literally 'take to yourself the outer appearance of a person'
Principal is the outer 'tent' means nothing - it is the viewpoint of
the soul that matters}
rather
{You} teach the 'Way of God' . . . with truth {aletheia}.
{Note: In this dispensation, the positive believers were taught how to 'Walk the Righteous Way of God'. Jesus not only taught His students this, but also, for the Church Age coming soon at this point, how to 'Walk in the More Excellent Way' that was prototyped by Jesus Christ. That is part of the Church Age Mystery doctrine.}
{Note: In the David series, RBT taught that there are three basic 'Truths' - 1) for believer and unbeliever alike - the Truth of the Laws for Establishment. If a society adopts these laws - do not murder, do not steal, etc. - it can prosper even if they are unbelievers (then die and go to hades); 2) the gospel/'good news' of Christ - this Truth again can be understood by unbelievers. God the Holy Spirit replaces the absent human spirit and makes this Truth available for all human beings who have ever lived, to understand and accept Him; 3) Bible doctrine - this Truth is for believers only. After salvation, God has provided in writing His Written Word. All He wants us to know about Him is learnable to those who are positive to His Word.}
20:22
Is it lawful for us to pay tribute/'the tribute tax' to Caesar,
or
absolutely not {ouk}?"
20:23-24``
But, having perceived {katanoeo}
their
deceit/cunning {panourgia},
He
{Jesus} said face to face with them, 20:24``
"Show/'Exhibit
to' {epideiknumi} Me a denarius
{denarion -the principal silver coin of the Roman empire.
From the parable of the laborers in the vineyard,
it would seem that a denarius was then the ordinary pay for a
day's wages}.
Whose likeness {eikon} and inscription {epigraphe} are on it?"
They
'had an answer for'/'gave a discerning answer
from
the ultimate source of themselves' {apokrinomai}
moreover
said, "Caesar's."
20:25``So
He {Jesus} said to them,
"Render/'give
to' {apodidomi} Caesar
the
things that are Caesar's . . .
and
to God the things that are God's."
20:26``And,
they were absolutely not {ouk} able
to
catch hold of His utterance/'series of words' {rhema}
'over
against'/'opposed to/'in the presence of' {enantion}
the
people.
And,
having marveled at His answer, they fell silent.
20:27-28``Then,
coming near Him, certain Sadducees
-
denying/'anti-speaking'/contending {antilego}
there
is no resurrection -
interrogated
Him 20:28`` saying, "Teacher {didaskalos},
Moses
wrote for us that if {ean} a man's brother should die
-maybe
he will, maybe he will not die {3rd class condition} -
having/leaving
a wife but no children,
that
man should take/marry the widow
and
'possibly raise up' children for his brother.
{Note: RBT said (in the Matthew or John series) that there are three political groups in Jerusalem at this time: 1) the Pharisees - they believed the Old Testament stories were true; 2) the Herodians - they supported Rome's rule under the authority of Herod; 3) the Sadducees - these were men only interested in personal power. They did not believe the stories of the Old Testament. They believed the only useful purpose of the bible was to use it as a tool in which to control and rule over the highly religious and legalistic Jews.}
20:29``Now
there kept on being seven brothers.
The
first, taking a woman/wife, died without children.
20:30-31``
The second . . . {married her} 20:31``
and
then the third married her . . .
and,
in this same way, all seven . . . died, leaving no children.
20:32``Afterward the woman died too.
20:33``Therefore,
in the resurrection {anastasis}
whose
wife will the woman become?
For
the seven had all married her."
20:34``And,
Jesus 'having an answer for'/'gave a discerning answer
from
the ultimate source of Himself' {apokrinomai}saying,
"The
sons/children {huios} of this age/'period of time' {aion} . . .
marry
and are given in marriage.
20:35``But
'those being regarded/credited as worthy' {kataxioo}
to
'hit the mark'/'to obtain' {tugchano}
that
age/'period of time' {aion}
and
{regarded worthy to obtain} the resurrection from the dead . . .
neither
marry nor are given in marriage.
20:36``In
fact, they do not have the power/'can no longer' to die . .
because
they keep on being 'like the angels' {isaggelos}
{meaning here that resurrected humans are like the angels in
having everlasting life}
and
are the sons/children {huios} of God . . .
being
. . . the sons/children of the resurrection {anastasis}.
20:37``Moreover,
because the dead are raised . . .
even
Moses revealed/indicated this at the bush
{in the scripture written about the burning bush},
where
he calls the Lord {kurios} . . .
'the
God of Abraham' and the 'God of Isaac' and the 'God of Jacob'.'
20:38``Moreover,
He absolutely is not {ouk}
God
of the dead, but in contrast, {God} of the living . . .
for
all live with respect to Him."
20:39``Then
certain of the scribes/'experts in the law'
'having
an answer for'/'gave a discerning answer
from
the ultimate source of themselves' {apokrinomai} said,
"Teacher
{didaskalos}, you have spoken well!"
{Note: So here the scribes line up more with the Pharisees. They believe the Old Testament is the Word of God and is to be believed. So, Jesus 'put down' their unbelieving counterparts-the Sadducees.}
20:40``For,
after that,
they
{the Sadducees} kept on absolutely not {ouk}
having
the daring to ask Him any question.
{The
Messiah: David's Son and Lord}
20:41``Now
He {Jesus} said face to face with them
{the 'them' is both the Sadducees and the experts in the law},
"How
can they say that the Christ is David's son?
20:42-43``For,
David himself says in the book {biblos} of Psalms,
'The
Lord said to my Lord,
'Be
seated'/'Sit Yourself {kathemai} at My right hand, 20:43``
until
I may make Your enemies a footstool for your feet.'
{Note: 'Footstool for Your feet is an idiom of the day. When a nation was captured, the king would be forced up to the throne of the conqueror and made to get on the ground before the conqueror and he would literally put his feet on top of this man.}
20:44``David
thus calls him Lord . . .
so
how is He . . . his {David's} son?"
{Jesus
Warns the Disciples against Pride}
20:45-47``Then,
while all the people were listening,
He
{Jesus} said to His students/disciples, 20:46``
"
'Beware of'/'Be guarding yourselves against' {prosecho}
the
scribes/'experts in the law' . . .
who
take delight in 'walking around'/' {peripateo} in long robes
{a picture of ritual without reality - emphasis on the outer
appearance instead of the soul}
and
'having personal love' {phileo}
for
elaborate greetings in the market places
{their 'personal love' is toward the love of THEM by the people . . .
instead of teaching the people to love God - their action is
'approbation lust' and is a sin}
and
the best seats in the synagogues
and
the places of honor at banquets . . . 20:47``
{here the students are warned to be careful of people who are
interested in the 'details of life' - they are more interested in the
best of everything for themselves and will distort the Word
to get what they want - the 'holy sounding crowd' - but look at
their souls to know who they are} . . .
who,
devouring widows' houses . . .
and,
for the sake of appearance, make long prayers . . .
they
will receive the greater condemnation."
{Note: So again this is ritual without reality which is always meaningless. These scribes believe in God and believe the Old Testament is the Word of God. But the Sadducees, as a group, are described as unbelievers. So, to whom much is given much is expected. Jesus is concluding that the scribes will have more discipline for using the Word for their own purposes, than the Sadducees who do not know better.}
{Note: Next, we have hit on the principal of looking at others and being aware of who they really are. How can we do this without judging the person? How can we do this without hating the person if we perceive he is 'evil'? The answers consistently given in the bible are 1) do NOT judge anyone; 2) have impersonal love (agape) for all others. But on the other side of the coin we are commanded to 1) separate from those who speak evil and 2) 'hate' the evil ideas and deeds that others do.
First of all, the bible says we are to love everyone based on who and what WE are. From the integrity of our own souls. This means to treat them with respect, to NOT judge them personally as sinners, evil people etc. - no mental attitude sins of judging, maligning, slander, gossip, etc. But, personally . . . discern if their THINKING and DEEDS are 'good of intrinsic value' or 'evil'. If their thoughts and deeds are evil, then quietly separate yourself from them. If you are correct (remember it MAY be you who are incorrect), God will take care of their discipline - that is HIS job, not yours! And, if you DO interfere, you will take to yourself their discipline.}
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